Fashion Marketing - 1282 Words

Introduction: Topshop is a British chain of clothing stores that operates in more than 20 countries. It is part of the Arcadia Group, which also owns a number of other retail outlets including Burton, Dorothy Perkins, Miss Selfridge and Wallis. Topshop is one of the leading fashion stores on the high street market and is very popular amongst teenagers and the younger generation. Topshop has a very wide range of products which vary from dresses and footwear, to casual wear, jeans and tops. Topshop also has a range of underwear, beachwear, pajamas, handbags and accessories. Topshop’s range is mainly aimed at teenagers, students, and young people in their 20 s and early 30 s. The general style of clothes is highly fashionable,†¦show more content†¦Some of the groups of segmentation that Topshop might use are geographical, demographic, psychographic and behaviouristic segmentation (also known as consumer profile). There are different reasons that business need to segment their markets carefully, this is because customers vary, so creating various segments will provide customers with better solutions. It can bring better opportunities and growth for the business. The key thing that Topshop to do is find the variable, or variables that split the market into segments. There are two types of variables: †¢ Needs †¢ Profilers The need for segmenting a market is customer needs. To achieve this market research is needed. Profilers are measurable, discriptive customer characteristics like; age , gender, income etc. Geographical segmentation: †¢ Region of the country †¢ Urban or rural (location) Demographical segmentation †¢ Age, sex, family size †¢ Income, occupation, education †¢ Religion, race, nationality Psychographic segmentation †¢ Social class †¢ Lifestyle type †¢ Personality type Behavioural segmentation †¢ Product useage e.g light, medium, heavey users †¢ Brand loyalty: none, medium, high †¢ Type of user (occasionally, a lot.) (www.tutor2u.net/business/marketorientation) Buyer behaviour. An important part of the marketing process is to understand why a customer makes a purchase. The business will find it hard to respond to customers needs and wants without thisShow MoreRelatedMarketing And Advertising Of Fashion Marketing Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesToday, marketing and advertising play a critical role in the fashion industry; they are various activities involved in building consumer relationships and stimulating consumer purchases by satisfying their needs. The primary goal of fashion marketing is evident: supplying the right merchandise, to the right customers, at the right time, in the right place. Often confused as marketing, Advertising is a subset of marketing; it is a single component of promotion in the marketing mix. The process ofRead MoreFashion Nova Marketing Strategy1958 Words   |  8 Pagesmake profit or fail? These questions arise even more when the company is to start only online. Because of this, e-commerce fashion brands must constantly evolv e and expand their styles to maintain the interest of their target customers. 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A) Business market of StyleNanda Customer base: Demographics The age range of StyleNanda’s customer baseRead MoreFashion Marketing17446 Words   |  70 PagesLONDON COLLEGE OF FASHION - Graduate Certificate in Fashion Marketing TERM UNIT ASSIGNMENT TITLE CREDIT RATING LEVEL STAFF RESPONSIBLE TIME FRAME Spring The Context of Fashion Essay Ten credits H3 Dr Wessie Ling Issue date: week commencing 13.03.06 Hand in to School Office (Room 322 Davies Street) no later than 12.00pm on Mon, 24 April 2006. Attn: to Dr Wessie Ling. Essay are bound, marked with students’ names, and all pages are numbered. Choose from one of the following essay titles: - ConspicuousRead MoreThe Fashion Channel - Marketing962 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study # 2: The Fashion Channel Overview This document presents information about the conclusions that can be drawn from the consumer and market data based on ‘The Fashion Channel’ case study information (Stahl, 2007). In addition we will also look into the various pros and cons of the segmentation options for the Fashion Channel to increase their revenue stream. Analyzing the Data The Fashion Channel (TFC) wasRead MoreFashion Marketing And Its Impact On Consumer s Design Preferences Essay2152 Words   |  9 PagesThe concept of marketing is the action or business of bringing or sending a product or commodity to the market. (Oxford English Dictionary) Fashion Marketing differs from the marketing of other goods because of the uniqueness of the merchandise. â€Å"According to the Parson’s School of Design, fashion marketing is the process of analyzing, developing, and marketing current fashion trends into sales strategies.† (IJMBT) In fashion marketing, consumers are the creators by virtue of their adoption and rejectionRead MoreMarketing Strategy Of The Fashion Channel2729 Words   |  11 PagesThe Fashion Channel is a cable TV network that exclusively offers programs for a fashion-oriented audience. Initially, TFC was able to grow without any targeted segmentation or detailed branding strategy. TCF is still the only fashion channel but channels such as CNN and Lifetime are introducing fashion segments to their programming and in return have increased competition and threatened market share. The growth of The Fashion Channel depends highly on proper market segmentation. The addition ofRead MoreCaroline Le Bon s Fashion Marketing Essay1402 Words   |  6 PagesCaroline Le Bon’s Fashion Marketing and Harriet Posner’s Marketing Fashion, defines fashion marketing and its elements. Fashion marketing and advertising is the process of analyzing, developing and marketing current fashion trends to satisfy consumer needs. Both or the readings discuss the role of marketing in the fashion industry and its differences to marketing other products. Fashion products are often trended items, temporary items based on design color, fabric and pattern. Le Bon and PosnerRead MoreVogue Armenia and Fashion Show Opening Event: Marketing Plan4103 Words   |  17 Pagesâ€Å"Vogue Armenia† and Fashion Show Opening Event Marketing Plan MKT 369 Practicum in Marketing Communications Professor Gail Hamilton Louise Holloway Prepared by: Anahit Grigoryan, Ani Oganesian, Nairi Zovelian April 27, 2012 Table of Contents Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Current Marketing Situation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 SWOT Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 Target Market†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Positioning and CompetitiveRead MoreMarketing Plan for a New Fashion Brand for Women1157 Words   |  5 PagesMarketing Plan for a new fashion brand The Brand It is a fashion brand created for a modern woman who is open to new ideas, who likes fashion and clothing and looks for something beyond what is available off the peg. The key message associated with the brand is classy, minimalistic, upscale and versatile clothing. Mission of the business is to create timeless style based on outstanding designs using only best quality fabrics and row materials. It’s a casual elegance of the highest order

A Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen - 869 Words

A Doll’s House was written in 1879 by Henrik Ibsen. The play takes place in a suburban Europe surrounding a middle-class family. Nora, the female protagonist is quite different from the social norms portrayed during this time period. The play focuses on the controversial topic of the change in social norms. Throughout the play, Ibsen utilizes theme, characterization, and symbolism to explain the injustices of inequality faced by women in Europe as well as countries. A Doll’s House took place in the 19th century, surrounding a suburban family. The theme of this play is a marriage and to show the marital expectations that come with this era. Society stands for marriage included that the woman is submissive to the man, something that Nora dreamed of defying, How painful and humiliating it would be for Torvald †¦to know that he owed me anything! It would upset our mutual relations altogether (Ibsen). The relationship between Nora and her husband Torvald is set up as a means of maintaining the male dominance. In addition to marriage, the play also discusses women and femininity. The way, husbands treated their spouse was as if they were a meaningless doll or other names to dehumanize her, Is it my little squirrel bustling about? (Ibsen). Torvald, by constantly giving his wife, pet names, dehumanizes his wife to something insignificant and less than human. For a reader or audience to truly understand the message behind a piece of work, one must understand the theme. Theme isShow MoreRelatedHenrik Ibsen s A Doll House1563 Words   |  7 Pages In the play, A Doll House by Henrik Ibsen, the title itself symbolizes the dependent and degraded role of the wife within traditional marriages. Ibsen portrayed the generous nature root into women by society, as well as the significant action of this nature, and lastly the need for them to find their own voice in a world ruled by men. Ibsen wrote this play in 1879, this is the era where women were obedient to men, tend the children until their husband came home, and stood by the Cult of DomesticityRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1717 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Doll, a Partner, and a Change† Social movement of women liberation toward equal rights and independence has been a big subject in human history. It happens not only in Europe but also all over the world. Though making progress, this movement has been advancing slowly and encountered backslashes from time to time. Maybe there is something deeply hidden which the society has not figured out yet, even women themselves. What do women want, freedom or good life? Most of the time, they are notRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1291 Words   |  6 Pages A Doll s House by Henrik Ibsen, is a play that has been written to withstand all time. In this play Ibsen highlights the importance of women’s rights. During the time period of the play these rights were neglected. Ibsen depicts the role of the woman was to stay at home, raise the children and attend to her husband during the 19th century. Nora is the woman in A Doll House who plays is portrayed as a victim. Michael Meyers said of Henrik Ibsen s plays: The common denominator in many of IbsenRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1288 Words   |  6 Pages Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House is based in the Victorian society of the 19th century. It assesses the many struggles and hardships that women faced because of marriage â€Å"laws† that were crucial during that time period. The society was male- dominated with no equality. Nora is the protagonist in A Doll’s House and the wife of a man named Torvald. This play is about Nora’s voyage to recognizing her self- determination and independence. She transforms from a traditional, reserved woman to a new, independentRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1298 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"There is beauty in truth, even if it s painful. Those who lie, twist life so that it looks tasty to the lazy, brilliant to the ignorant, and powerful to the weak. But lies only strengthen our defects. They don t teach anything, help anything, fix anything or cure anything. Nor do they develop one s character, one s mind, one s heart or one s soul.† (Josà © N. Harris). Nora Helmer’s choice to lie and deceive is inappropriate and wrong for women to do to her husband during this time period; itRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1037 Words   |  5 PagesHenrik Ibsen s A Doll s House is a work of literature genius. This three-act play involves many literary technics that are undermined by the average reader such as the fact that the plot shows the main characters Torvald and his wife Nora live the perfect life. An ironic paradox based around the fact that Nora and Torvald’s relationship is the complete opposite of perfect. Also, bringing upon a conflict as well, appearance versus reality. These little hidden meanings within stories are what areRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll House Essay1501 Words   |  7 PagesHenrik Ibsen’s play â€Å"A Doll House† was set in the Victorian era, a time where women were highly respected. Women in this time period did not work, they had nannies to take care of their children and maids to take care of their homes. Many women had no real responsibilities, they spent their time having tea parties and socializing with their friends. Henrik Ibsen dared to show the realism of the Victorian era while everyone else would only focus on the romantic aspect. In the play, â€Å"A Doll House†Read MoreA Doll s House : Henrik Ibsen962 Words   |  4 PagesDrama Analysis A Doll’s House (Henrik Ibsen) And Trifles (Susan Glaspell) In comparing both dramas, the overwhelming aspect of convergence between both is the open discussion of gender identity. Both dramas make similar points about what it means to be a woman. Modern society in both dramas is constructed with men holding power over women. This is seen in Trifles in how men like George Henderson and Mr. Hale are myopic. The premise of the drama is how women worry over trifles, and the dismissiveRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1421 Words   |  6 PagesIn A Doll’s House, Henrik Ibsen examines conventional roles of men and women in the nineteenth century. In the play, Nora exemplifies the conventional feminine standard during that period. She seems to be powerless and confines herself through high standard expectations, demonstrating what the role of a women would be as a wife and mother. The protagonist of A Doll’s House is a woman named Nora Helmer. Ibsen shows how Nora’s design of perfect life gradually transforms when her sec ret unravels. InRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen876 Words   |  4 PagesA Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen A Doll’s House takes place in the home of Torvald and Nora Helmer. Through conversation with Nora’s good friend Kristine Linde it is revealed that Mr. Helmer was ill around the same time Nora’s father died. Luckily Nora’s father left her enough money that Torvald and Nora could go on a life saving trip to Italy. But the truth comes out when we find out Nora’s father did not leave her a penny. We find out that Nora got a hold of the money through a loan but she signed

Undersea Vents Reveal about Lifes Origins

Question: Describe about the Undersea Vents Reveal about Lifes Origins? Answer: 1. The solar nebula hypothesis is the most proposed model that is related to the formation of the solar system including the formation of the Earth. According to this model, a large cloud of gas and interstellar dust which is rotation is the creator of the solar system. The gases include mostly hydrogen and helium. The acceleration of the cloud resulted in the formation of gravity, angular momentum and inertia which in turn resulted in the flattening of the cloud forming a protoplanetary disk which lied perpendicular to the axis of its rotation (Liffman, 2009). As compared to the outer side of the nebula, the inner core had a low angular momentum that resulted in the contraction of the centre and the heating resulted in the nuclear fusion of the hydrogen and helium. As the contraction increased, it rested in the ignition of T Tauri star that in turn evolved into the Sun. On the other hand, the gravitational force on the outer part of the nebula resulted in the condensation of matters around the dust particles and the perturbations. The clumping together of the comparatively larger fragments of the debris and dust resulted in the formation of planets in a process called runaway acceleration (Matson , 2010). The Earth was also formed along with the other planets around 4.54 billion years ago and the completion of the formation took another 10- 20 million years (Newman and William, 2007). The Earth formed in this manner, called the proto-Earth grew in size as a result of the acceleration. The model that is related to the formation of the only satellite of the Earth i.e. the moon is the giant impact hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, when a body with a size of the Mars, hitted the Earth, the collision resulted in the formation of the moon. After the formation, the surface of the Earth cooled down gradually. At that time the atmosphere was mostly composed of carbon dioxide, molecular hydrogen, water, molecular nitrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride and very little amount of reactive molecular oxygen. As the cooling process continued, it resulted in the formation of a rocky crust, between the 0.2 0.4 billion years ago, that was stable. The origin of life reported to begin about 3.8 billion years ago. The proof of the origin of life is associated with the discovery of zircons from the Western Australia rocks that are dated radioactively to be 4.25 billion years old. The studies carried out by Nemchin et al., (2008) revealed that the light- carbon isotope ratio, which was unusually high in micrometer sized graphite and diamond inclusions that were also considered as zircons, were the indication of biological origin. These findings suggested that there were carbon based life within the first 300 million years of the formation of the Earth. Again according to Mccollom and Seeward (2006), the high concentration of carbon- 12 isotope compared to carbon -13 isotopes in the zircons indicated that there were organic materials present at that period of time. Whereas some studies indicated that the C- 12 abundance could be brought about by some chemical reactions of non biological origin, others showed that the abundance was due to the presence of organic compounds that were simple in nature and were responsible for producing an environment that was later suitable for the origin of life on the Earth. Again recent studies by Bradley A. (2009) suggested that during the first billion years of the existence of the Earth, the carbon based and self replicating microbial life was well developed. Studies also indicated that some microbial life flourished within the warm, deep and boiling hot springs, the cracks in the crust of the seafloor without any oxygen or light. Again, the Earth at that time had very little amount of molecular oxygen and a very large amount of molecular hydrogen. In the absence of oxygen, the concentration of hydrogen increased considerably in the ocean and the atmosphere, which resulted in the growth of methanogens. So, in the harsh environment of the Earth, the microbial life flourished that in turn paved the way for the development of more complex life form in the Earth. Studies are still going on to find more and more evidences regarding the origin of life on the Earth. 2: Nearly 500 planets were discovered that are known to orbit around other stars in the universe and there are about 100 billion galaxies and the number of stars in our galaxy is about 200 billion. It has also been discovered that the number of planes with the same size as that of the Earth in our galaxy are 17 billion. According to the data provided by the Kepler mission of NASA, it has been found that every sixth star has a planet that has similar size to the Earth. If we consider this equation, we can easily say that there is a strong possibility of life in planets other than the Earth. Again we have found that life is possible without the presence of oxygen (anaerobic microbes) even in very harsh condition. So, there may be life in planets that are yet to be discovered. The Universe is a vast thing, full exploration of which is impossible, so, we might not encounter another planet with the existence of life, but we cannot deny that life is not possible outside the Earth. According to Loeb (2014), about 13.8 billion years ago, after the Big Bang, life may have begun, when the age of the Universe was only 10-17 billion years during a habitable epoch. As per the studies carried out on a computer based model by Moskowitz and Clara (2012), the complex molecules that are organic in nature and required for the formation of life, may be originated before the origin of the Earth i.e. in the protoplanetary disk which was consisted of dust particles. So, according to them, life can also originate in other planets around a star in the same process. According to other studies, the places other than the Earth that have the potential of origin of life include Mars, Venus (Redfern and Martin, 2004), Europa (the moon of Jupiter), Titan and Enceladus (the moons of the Saturn) (Coustenis et al., 2009). According to the research carried out by the NASA, Enceladus is the most habitable place in our solar system other than the earth. So, we can say that, though we dont have any strong evidence for the existence oflife in other planets of the Universe, we cannot say strongly that we are the only civilization in the Universe. 3: In order to understand fully the origin of life we should first concentrate on the evolution process that resulted in the formation of complex molecules and in turn the formation of life. According to the RNA world hypothesis, the basis of all the current life is the ribonucleic acid molecules that have the feature of self replication. According to this theory, as the RNA, like the DNA can store genetic information and like protein enzymes, are able to play as catalyst in chemical reactions, they can be considered as the major factor in the cellular evaluation process. According to one version of the hypothesis, the different nucleotides assemble to form pre- RNA, which was considered as the first molecule that was self replicating and was later replaced by the RNA. On the other hand, the recent studies depict that the prebiotic condition of earth resulted in the formation of only pyrimidine ribonucleotide (Li, Francklyn and Carter, 2013). The reason behind the development of the RNA world hypothesis is the discovery of several properties of the RNA. These properties include: Catalytic activity: RNA possesses the catalytic activity or the activity of an enzyme also called the ribozyme. The catalytic activities of the rybozyme include- Helps in the process of RNA synthesis in the ribosome by catalyzing the peptide bond formation in order to produce peptide chains (Lam and Joyce, 2009). Can catalyze self cleavage with the help of hammerhead ribozyme. Can induce the synthesis of short strand of RNA with the help of RNA polymerase which is also a ribozyme, the process id also called self replication. The minimum length of the RNA that can be synthesized by this process is 165 bases long (Neveu, Kim and Benner, 2013). Storage of genetic information: As it is generated from the DNA molecule, the RNA is also the container of genetic information, but the main difference between the DNA and the RNA was based on the stability of the molecule. DNA, being a double stranded molecule is more stable than the single stranded RNA molecule. All these properties led to the development of the RNA world hypothesis. As per the hypothesis of the RNA World, during the formation of life, the primordial soup contained nucleotides that were free floating and continuously forming bonds with each other that were primarily unstable. In this way certain base pair sequences were formed that were stable for a considerably longer period of time. These sequences elongate to form the RNA. The hypothesis emphasized on the fact of natural selection in which only the fittest RNA molecules were able to replicate further. The competition resulted in the formation coordination between different RNA molecules that in turn paved the way to the generation of the protocell (Lincoln et al., 2009). There are various objections related to the RNA world hypothesis. These include- RNA is a molecule with a complex structure consisting of four different types of nitrogen bases attached to a sugar- phosphate backbone. According to many researchers, this structure is too complex to be formed during the prebiotic period. The stability of the RNA molecule is very poor due to its single stranded structure compared to the DNA molecule. So, according to the researchers, the formation of stable RNA structure was not possible during the prebiotic period when the temperature was comparatively high. One of the main reason for the oppose of the RNA world hypothesis is the evidence that for performing catalytic activity, a RNA sequence should be at least 190 base pairs long which was impossible to form during the prebiotic period by random assembly of the nucleotides (Lam and Joyce, 2009). All these findings along with the studiers of extremophiles suggests that the high temperature of the prebiotic period is not suitable for the synthesis of a RNA molecule, so there must be some other molecules that paved the way of the origin of life. The failure of the RNA world hypothesis led to the generation of the Proteins First hypothesis which emphasized on the fact that either the proteins were synthesized first or both the proteins and RNA evolved at the same time (Francis, 2011). Proteins were found as the most plausible candidate as the studies have shown that the proteins in exptremophiles are resistant to high temperature. So, they may form a stable structure during the prebiotic period of life. 4: The LUCA or the Last Common Universal Ancestor can be defined as the organism, most commonly single celled organism that is reported to live about 3 4 billion years ago and it was the common ancestor from which all the organisms have subsequently evolved (Koskela and Annila, 2012). It has been found that the LUCA was decided to be a thermophile. Thermophiles are the microorganisms that are known to line in extreme conditions i.e. in the places of high temperature, as they can grow in that temperature only. From this we can easily conclude that the life originated on our planet in places with high temperature i.e. hot springs etc. Again, in the prebiotic period, the temperature of the Earth was moderate to high, which indicates that at that temperature, it was only possible for the thermophiles to grow. References: Bradley, A. (2009). What Undersea Vents Reveal about Life's Origins. scientificamerican. Coustenis A. et al. (2009). TandEM: Titan and Enceladus Mission. Experimental Astronomy 23(3): 893-946. Francis, B. (2011). An alternative to the RNA World Hypothesis. Trends Evol Biol, 3(1), p.2. Halliday, A. (2006). The Origin of the Earth - What's New?. Elements, 2(4), pp.205-210. Koskela, M. and Annila, A. (2012). Looking for the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA). Genes, 3(4), pp.81-87. Lam, B. and Joyce, G. (2009). Autocatalytic aptazymes enable ligand-dependent exponential amplification of RNA. Nat Biotechnol, 27(3), pp.288-292. Li, L., Francklyn, C. and Carter, C. (2013). Aminoacylating Urzymes Challenge the RNA World Hypothesis. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 288(37), pp.26856-26863. Liffman, K. (2009). A SHOCKING SOLAR NEBULA?. ApJ, 694(1), pp.L41-L44. Loeb, A. (2014). The habitable epoch of the early Universe. International Journal of Astrobiology, 13(04), pp.337-339. Matson J. (2010). Luminary lineage: did an ancient supernova trigger the solar systems birth? Scientific American Journal. Retrived 2012-04-13. MCCOLLOM, T. and SEEWALD, J. (2006). Carbon isotope composition of organic compounds produced by abiotic synthesis under hydrothermal conditions. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 243(1-2), pp.74-84. Moskowitz and Clara (2012). Lifes Building Blocks May Have Formed in Dust Around Young Sun. Space.com. Retrived 30 March, 2012. Nemchin, A., Whitehouse, M., Menneken, M., Geisler, T., Pidgeon, R. and Wilde, S. (2008). A light carbon reservoir recorded in zircon-hosted diamond from the Jack Hills. Nature, 454(7200), pp.92-95. Neveu, M., Kim, H. and Benner, S. (2013). The Strong RNA World Hypothesis: Fifty Years Old. Astrobiology, 13(4), pp.391-403. Newman and William (2007). Age of the Earth. Publications Services. USGS. Retrived 2007-09-20. Redfern and Martin (2004). Venous CloudsMight Harbour Life. BBC News. Retrived 2007-12-05.

Marketing Communications for Samsung Galaxy Tab Essay Example

Marketing Communications for Samsung Galaxy Tab Essay Marketing Communications for Samsung Galaxy Tab Name: Course: Institution: We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Communications for Samsung Galaxy Tab specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Communications for Samsung Galaxy Tab specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Communications for Samsung Galaxy Tab specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Tutor: Date: Marketing Communications for Samsung Galaxy Tab Step 5: Creating a Brand Identity Rational Branding Samsung Galaxy Tab can use several rational brand identities. It can use the Quality identity to influence the consumers based on its appearance, performance and results. The Galaxy Tab has some of the best features in terms of performance and results. It has improved on some of the weaknesses of the previous tablets from the same company, and from the competitors. The quality identity is specifically suited for the galaxy tab since it allows the marketers to convince the consumers to purchase the products based on what they can see. The galaxy tab as received many positive reviews on its performance. It has both cellular and wireless features. It has EDGE/GPRS, HSPA+ and Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connections (Pogue, 2010). It has both front and back cameras and full HD video playback. Many consumers are especially impressed with the speed at which the tablet performs and the clarity and ease of use of many of the features. Quality The galaxy tab can also use the feature identity. The tab has several applications and features which make it versatile to use. Consumers can use the tab for both business and entertainment functions. For instance, the high quality resolution and the wide screen on the tablet make it easy for consumers to watch movies. Users can also send and receive emails and make video calls. Although it has many applications, the features are made in such a way that the tablet is easy to use. The tab has been made using one of the latest technologies in the markets. It has a 1GHz dual-core NVIDIA processor, 1GB RAM and 16GB ROM, a ten-inch widescreen and a long lasting battery making it one of the most durable phones in the market. The RAM ensures that there is enough memory for users to multitask. Convenience Another brand identity that is especially suited for the galaxy tab is convenience identity. The tablet is widely available and easy to purchase. The tablet is available for sale through popular online stores such as Amazon. This means that consumers are not restricted by the location. They can buy products online and the stores can ship it to them. Moreover, consumers have the chance to learn about the product before purchase (Samsung, 2011). They can do this through the internet or in the retail shops. This enables consumers to know how the phone works and to clarify any issues they might have. Consumers can also return the tab incase of any malfunction. Outlet Marketers can take advantage of the outlet identity. The Samsung galaxy tabs are used by consumers from different target groups. This includes the teenagers and the youth, people in from the ages of 40 to mid 50s. Each of these target groups visit and shop in specific locations. The location and type of outlet matters a lot. The galaxy tabs are usually sold in all types of locations, but they are mostly targeted at the young people. The marketers can identify areas where there are low concentrations and where a specific market has largely been ignored. Samsung offers warranties on all its products. It offers one-year warranty for the Samsung tablets and one-year warranty for the batteries. It also offers ninety days warranty for the case and one-year warranty for other accessories included in the tablet. Samsung repairs the products that have been returned by the consumers. The process involves returning the product with the proof of purchase. The marketer can therefore, utilize the service and proof of claims identities. The marketer can take advantage of the noncommercial endorsements such as media editorials to market the galaxy tab. Some consumers have used the internet to note the positive effects of the galaxy tab, and this is beneficial since it acts as a form of advertising. Emotional Branding One of the advantages of the galaxy tabs is that it offers the marketer the chance to use both the emotional and rational branding. Although marketers can utilize different rational brand identities, they can also use emotional branding for the product. One of the common methods which marketers have found beneficial is associating a product with a public figure such as a celebrity. Many celebrities want to be associated with a high quality product that is in their class range. The Samsung galaxy tab ensures that it enhances a celebrity’s image by offering a stylish tablet that has a high performance and produces quality results (Willmont, 2010). With such qualities, it will not be hard to identify a celebrity who will be associated with the tablet. As is well noted, the football celebrity by the name Didier Drogba playing for the Chelsea Club has become ambassador of Samsung product which includes this Galaxy tab. Although this is a strong emotional branding strategy, other effects need to be put in place. The consumers need to know how this phone will affect their social life and personal life. The phone can be used to take a family through the various emotions they face in life even though they are apart. Through its wide screen, they can be able to talk to each other face to face rather than talking to each other verbally. Based on the twelve archetypal personalities, I think that the most appropriate emotional brand identity for the Samsung galaxy tab is the explorer. The explorer is not satisfied with the ordinary. Explorers seek ways of doing more as they strive for perfection. It is clear that the Samsung galaxy tab is on its way to perfection as it continues to look for the ideal. The Samsung galaxy tab has evolved to include different models based on size and continued perfection of features. The galaxy tab now includes different versions of the Samsung galaxy tab 7.0†, 8.9† and the latest version of 10.1†. Additionally, the phone industry is changing as need arises and so are the consumers changing with. Picking the explorer will be able to pave the way for any changes that need to be put in place. Samsung has different types of phones, and each of the phones has its unique quality. It is therefore significant that the Galaxy tab be branded in a way that brings out its unique effect to the rest of the world instead of conforming it to the other types. Step 6: Telling a Selling Story The release of the Samsung galaxy tab has been controversial in different parts of the world. The company has had to contend court cases with Apple, which is its most competitive rival, in order to release the galaxy tab (Samsung, 2011). This has affected the sale of the tablets in different parts of the world. The characters in the story are the Samsung galaxy tab, Apple, and the users. In order for marketing communications to improve, the galaxy tab has to overcome the different controversies it faces with Apple, so that users can enjoy the Samsung galaxy tab. The recent victory in an Australian court regarding the release and sale of the galaxy tab in the country was a significant boost to Samsung. Apple had sued Samsung for stealing some of its designs, and it described the similarities of some of the designs in the products. Apple has cited the fact that the tablets are similar in shape. Samsung has to overcome this conflict because it continues to incur more losses in terms of loss of sales and court cases. The potential users of the Samsung galaxy tabs have suffered because they cannot get the tablet. They are left out as others enjoy the benefits using the Samsung galaxy tabs. Some people wait to purchase the latest gadgets, but because of the ban of the tablet, they cannot do so. The conflict between the two companies has cost a lot to both companies. In order for the marketing communications to improve, the marketers have to identify ways of ensuring that the conflict is resolved. The company lost some customers as the cases were ongoing. Some of the cases have not been resolved, as Apple continues to press Samsung not to release the galaxy tabs on the market. Some of the customers opted to purchase the products that are available in the market. The company has embarked on a marketing campaign aimed at making the customers aware about its products. However, it has to put more effort so that customers can regain and retain their loyalty. It has to do this by showing the different features and software used in the tablets. Whereas the Apple’s iPad uses the IOS software, Samsung uses Android. The features are also different. The Samsung galaxy tab and the Apple iPad have different features such as size and weight of the tablets, different applications and accessories, and different storage memories. The marketing communicatio ns of the Samsung galaxy tab will improve when the marketers emphasize the different product features and specifications in the two tablets. Step 8: The IMC Campaign: Developing Short-term Sales Communications In order to improve the marketing communications for the Samsung galaxy tab, the marketers have to use different consumer promotions. The main goal is to ensure that marketing communication for the tablet improves. This means that the marketers have to use various ways to ensure that the consumers remember the product and the brand name for the company. Marketers can use specialties, coupons and price reduction to encourage consumers to buy the products (Egan, 2007). The three types of promotions will ensure that consumers try new products, buy more of the products and retain their loyalty. Specialties One of the ways through which it can do this is to use specialties. Consumers can receive specialties with every purchase of the tab. The specialties can be in the form of different accessories (Egan, 2007). Many users are concerned about the safety and the durability of their tablets. The consumers can receive a book cover case with every purchase of the tablet. The case protects the tablet from any damage and ensures that it lasts longer. The users will constantly be reminded of the product since the specialty received is tangible. This is one of the advantages of using a specialty as a promotion since the users will constantly remember the product. Additionally, the consumers may be given security offers for their phones. Samsung has technology that can be used to track the phone or even be used to prevent other people from using the phone in case of any loss or other unexpected happenings. Such a service may be offered for free for all those who purchase the Galaxy tab. The company may also offer free internet connection or other promotional activities such as winning a second phone that may be similar or different. Coupons Marketers can also use coupons as a way of promoting the tablet. Coupons usually encourage consumers to try a new brand (Egan, 2007). Marketers can offer consumers coupons in the way of price reductions. They can reduce the price of the tablet to be in level with, or below the price of similar products from rival brands. Since the tablet is already a high quality product, consumers will be encouraged to purchase the product instead of buying from another brand. The most appropriate types of coupons to use in this case are the instant redemption coupon, where the customers redeem the coupon when they are making the purchase, or the scanner-delivered coupon, where the customer receives the coupon as the cashier scans his items. Some of the advantages of using coupons is that it encourages customers to go place more orders and try new products in the same brand. This is especially useful in the case of the tablet, where customers do not go back often to buy the product. It can encourage consumers to try out the different models of the Samsung galaxy tab. Price Reductions/Price Cut-offs Another promotion that can be especially useful in this case is price reductions or price-offs. This applies to the selling channels and the end users. Although the cutting off prices questions the quality of the product, the prices should not be cut off too low. Lower prices attract majority well-earning customers as compared to the high prices that attract the minority wealthy customers. The company may sell to the distributors and wholesalers at reduced or discounted prices as they buy in bulk (Egan, 2007). Retailers can offer reduced prices of the products especially in the earlier versions or models of the Samsung galaxy tab. With the current economy, consumers prefer cheap prices to quality. When the cheap commodity is of quality, the consumers are attracted all the more. The price reductions will ensure faster sale of the specific goods. It will encourage customers who have never used the tablet to try the specific brand since it will be on offer at a lower price. Price reduct ions are not complicated, and they ensure that the products move quickly. Step 9: The IMC Campaign: Developing long-term Branding Communications Although the Samsung galaxy tab offers several advantages, it has entered a market that other such products have already penetrated. It therefore, requires aggressive and effective marketing campaign to ensure that it persuades more consumers to purchase its products, so that it can take a larger share of the market. The integrated marketing campaign will include advertising, using the internet and public relations. Advertising Advertising is one of the most effective marketing tools. Marketers can advertise the Samsung galaxy tabs in the television and the print media. Since the marketers are not interested in one group, they can choose different types of channels, newspapers and magazines (Willmont, 2010). They can use different news sites, channels and newspapers so that they can reach people in their forties and fifties who are interested in catching up with the latest news. They can use entertainment and sports magazine so that they can attract the younger generation. They can also use television channels that are exclusively dedicated to offering entertainment so that they can reach the younger generations. Including a wide range of channels, will ensure that more people know about the product. Know what is happening Retrieved from http://www.engadget.com/2010/11/01/samsung-galaxy-tab-review/ The marketers have to ensure that they display the wide range of features. They have to advertise and make the consumers aware of its stylish design. The marketers have to include the fact that the product is relatively easy to use and carry at any time and place. Advertising not only creates awareness about a specific product, but also ensures that a company builds on its brand. It makes the consumers want to buy more of the product. In its quest of including football celebrity Didier Drogba in the advertisement of Samsung products, the company can advertisement how one can replay all Drogba’s goals using the Galaxy Tab. This will not only attract the young people, but it will also attract people who are funs of Drogba and football in general. All these consumers are in the diverse age groups. Drogba’s goals. Retrieved from http://www.onsmartphone.com/download-drogba-107071-for-samsung-i8910-omnia-hd Public Relations The release of the Samsung galaxy tab was in most cases controversial, especially because of the legal issues with Apple. The legal issues ensured that Samsung lost many of its potential clients, and it is therefore necessary for the firm to look for ways through which they can repair the damage that was done. It is necessary for marketers to include public relations in their marketing campaign. Public relations ensure that there is goodwill between a firm and all the stakeholders involved. Public relations are aimed at various people such as stockholders, suppliers, employees, the government, consumers and labor groups among other activists. The consumers find public relations more credible since the company gets the chance to inform the public about its products (Egan, 2007). One of the most effective ways of ensuring that the product gets a good PR is through sponsorship. The marketers can choose to sponsor events such as sports and games. It can choose to sponsor different sporting events such as baseball and basketball. This will ensure that a wide variety of people of all ages and from various groups are made aware of the product. For starters, Samsung is the sponsor for the Chelsea Football Club. Although this is a significant positive step, the company needs to get more involved with other events that are of benefit to consumers. There are countries where Samsung targets on selling this phone and yet some consumers in these regions have trouble accessing clean water, good school structures, medical care and facilities just to mention but a few. While the company can choose to sponsor a football club in the developed countries, it can also pick on one or more of these basic necessities and facilitate their abundance. Such actions will have been of significance to both the developing and the developed countries. Direct Marketing In most cases, direct marketing is sometimes taken as a form of advertising. However, it carries its own effects as it is. Consumers like to be communicated as though they were extremely significant to the company and not just part of a large audience (Egan, 2007). This is how direct marketing is significance. It communicates directly to customers. The use of text mobile messages, promotional letters, fliers, emails, interactive consumer websites, amongst others, are ways of direct interacting with the consumers. This direct interaction can be accomplished through the collaboration of other communication companies such as mobile network service providers. They can be used to deliver direct text messages to the mobile users which will advertise the Galaxy Tab as it values the consumers themselves. Using search email engines such as Yahoo and Gmail can also come in handy in delivering personified messages to users. Hiring the people (they do not have to be employees of the company) to distribute fliers and collaborating with media stations in order to have promotional shows will of more effect to consumers as compared to having a larger bill-board with the Galaxy tab on it. Internet Communications Internet communication is exclusive on the internet use. Unlike the other forms of direct marketing, the consumers have to access the internet in order to be communicated to. This is through the use of emails, consumer websites, just to mention but a few. The pop-up advertisements on the websites and banners are all forms of advertising through the internet (Egan, 2007). This type of advertising is able to reach a wide range of consumers especially those in the developing countries or those who need to know more information concerning the Galaxy tab. It is also significance to note that most of the mobile phones have access to the internet via the different communication network companies. It is therefore easier to reach people who do not have a computer, but they have as simple as a mobile phone.